International Units : MB/GB or MiB/GiB
New IEC prefixes and descriptions for binary multiples were introduced in 1998/99
The prefixes (M,G,T,P...) for base 10 numbers are unchanged.
The descriptive terms (Mega, Giga,Tera,Peta..) for base 10 numbers are also unchanged
The prefixes (Mi,Gi,Ti,Pi,Ei) are now used to indicate base 16 numbers.
The new descriptive terms (mebi,gibi,tebi,pebi,exbi), are rarely used.
| Base 10 Data Transfer,HD, DVD ( K,M,G,T,P,E ) |
Base 16 Data Files,RAM,CD ( Ki,Mi,Gi,Ti,Pi,Ei ) |
|
K |
kilo 10^3 = 1000 | Ki = 16^2.5 = 2^10 =1,024 |
M |
mega 10^6 =1000,000 | Mi = 16^5 = 2^20 =1,048,576 |
G |
giga 10^9 =1000,000,000 | Gi = 16^7.5 = 2^30 =1,073,741,824 |
T |
tera: 10^12 =1000,000,000,000 | Ti = 16^10 = 2^40 =1,099,511,627,776 |
P |
peta: 10^15 | Pi = 16^12.5 = 2^50 |
E |
exa: 10^18 | Ei = 16^15 = 2^60 |
Z |
zetta: 10^21 | Zi = 16^17.5 = 2^70 |
Y |
yotta: 10^24 | Yi = 16^20 = 2^80 |
Any of the above can be entered directly into Excel e.g. ` =10^6 `
Quick conversion spreadsheet
Examples
4.7 GB writeable DVD = 4,700,000,000 bytes 650 MiB CD = 681,574,400 bytes 100 GB Hard Drive = 100,000,000,000 bytes 100 GiB File = 107,374,182,400 bytes 400 Mhz Bus Speed = 400,000,000 Hz 2 GiHz processor = 2,147,483,648 Hz
Data Transfer packet of 64 KB = 65,536 Bytes =
524,288 bits (Bits = Bytes x 8 )
A 100 megabit network has a capacity of 100,000,000 bits per second.
So in this example the network would transfer around 200 packets per second.
"The NASA Mars Orbitor failure occurred because the craft's manufacturers, Lockheed Martin, provided NASA with reference material for the vehicle's navigation system using imperial units instead of metric units." - Rogers' commission report
